Set as Homepage - Add to Favorites

日韩欧美成人一区二区三区免费-日韩欧美成人免费中文字幕-日韩欧美成人免费观看-日韩欧美成人免-日韩欧美不卡一区-日韩欧美爱情中文字幕在线

【mrs. dalloway frisson of eroticism】A 2016 heat wave may have forever changed the Great Barrier Reef

Australia's Great Barrier Reef will never be mrs. dalloway frisson of eroticismthe same following the devastating marine heat wave that hit it between 2015 and 2016, according to a new study published Wednesday.

The new research found that the northern third of the reef -- which as a whole, is the largest living structure on the planet -- experienced a "catastrophic die-off" of fast-growing coral species, like staghorn and tabular corals.

These reefs have now shifted to a new state, with a different balance of coral species than were present prior to the marine heat wave. Scientists have tied that marine heat wave itself, and the increasing prevalence and severity of them, to human-caused global warming.

SEE ALSO: Bad news! Extreme ocean heat waves are a thing, and they're getting worse

The study, published in the journal Nature, shows that many coral species that comprise the Great Barrier Reef succumbed to ocean temperatures that were well above average. However, those corals died in water temperatures that scientists previously thought would still sustain the organisms, not kill them.

This raises the possibility that corals are more sensitive to ocean warming than previously thought, adding even more evidence that if global warming were to exceed about 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, above pre-industrial levels, many coral reef ecosystems would cease to exist as we know them today.

These findings about the collapse of coral ecosystems could inform future decisions of whether to list unique ecosystems such as the Great Barrier Reef as "threatened" World Heritage Sites, something the Australian government has opposed for fear that it would hurt tourism.

The research team used satellites to map the pattern of heat exposure across the 3,863 coral reefs that make up the overall Great Barrier Reef.

According to the study, 30 percent of corals on the Great Barrier Reef died within just a nine-month period in 2016, as water temperatures exceeded a particular heat threshold.

Most of these losses occurred in the northern 434-mile section of the reef, which lost more than two-thirds of their corals, calling into question their ability to function as unique ecosystems.

Original image replaced with Mashable logoOriginal image has been replaced. Credit: Mashable

"Our study shows that the transition of the GBR to a new system is already underway, due to global warming," said Terry Hughes, director of the ARC Center of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies in Australia, in an email. "It’s here and now, and it’s happening faster than we expected."

Reefs that were exposed to the warmest waters of this marine heat wave, which was tied to both a strong El Niño event in the tropical Pacific Ocean and human-caused global warming, suffered "an unprecedented ecological collapse," the study found, with species composition changing drastically, reducing the diversity of species present after the assault from the warmer than average seas.

Mashable Light Speed Want more out-of-this world tech, space and science stories? Sign up for Mashable's weekly Light Speed newsletter. By clicking Sign Me Up, you confirm you are 16+ and agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Thanks for signing up!

"Our study shows that coral reefs are already shifting radically in response to unprecedented heatwaves," Hughes said in a statement. He said focusing on protecting the more heat-tolerant coral species is key to ensuring the survival of the Great Barrier Reef.

Some scientists have even suggested using "assisted migration," or importing more heat tolerant species, to foster more resilient coral communities in places that suffer from coral bleaching-related mortality.

“Bleaching is not like a steamroller that just kills everything… there are winners and losers both between and within species,” said Mikhail Matz, who studies how corals adapt to climate change at the genetic level and was not involved in the new study.

Matz says the corals that remain after a major marine heat wave such as the one in 2015-16 might be genetically adapted to be more heat tolerant.

"We expect that if genetics works as we think it works then the next generation will be more heat tolerant, because this is natural selection going on," he said.

Although they don't look like it, corals are actually living animals, and they receive vital nutrients from symbiotic algae that live within them, providing them with their vibrant colors. When exposed to stress from high temperatures, corals can expel the algae, which causes the coral to expose its skeleton. These bleached coral are more susceptible to continued high ocean temperatures as well as damage from pollution and other threats.

While bleached coral can recover, a prolonged period of high temperatures can kill corals outright.

This is what happened during the longest global coral bleaching event on record, which lasted from 2014 to 2017, but was particularly pronounced in the northern third of the Great Barrier Reef during much of 2015 and 2016.

Original image replaced with Mashable logoOriginal image has been replaced. Credit: Mashable

Study co-author Mark Eakin, who directs a coral bleaching prediction program at the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), said part of the reason for the high rates of mortality in the northern Great Barrier Reef is that these areas had not been previously exposed to many bleaching events, and the less heat tolerant species succumbed almost immediately.

"You’re losing some of those more sensitive species," he said in an interview. "But what that also means is you’re losing a lot of diversity.”

The study paints a grim prognosis for the parts of the Great Barrier Reef hit hardest by the heat wave. The reef will likely lose some of the marine diversity that makes it such a valuable ecosystem.

However, that doesn't mean that all of the heat-sensitive coral will completely disappear.

Instead, picture a future in which heat resistant coral species dominate such reefs, playing host to a smaller number and variety of fish and other aquatic species. Such heat-tolerant corals may grow more slowly, since the more abundant, fast-growing species are less tolerant to heat stress.

The study concludes that the transition "has already begun on the northern, most-pristine region of the Great Barrier Reef, changing it forever as the intensity of global warming continues to escalate."

“The good news is that you’ll still have reefs, but they definitely won’t be as good of reefs as we have now,” Eakin said.


Featured Video For You
Biggest die-off of corals ever recorded on Great Barrier Reef

0.2004s , 9960.6796875 kb

Copyright © 2025 Powered by 【mrs. dalloway frisson of eroticism】A 2016 heat wave may have forever changed the Great Barrier Reef,Public Opinion Flash  

Sitemap

Top 主站蜘蛛池模板: 国产熟妇另类久久久久婷婷 | 精品爽爽久久久久久蜜臀 | 91精品国产一区二区三区免费一本大道综合伊人精品热热国产 | 精品日韩欧美一区二区在线播放 | 美国一级大黄香蕉片 | 精品午夜中文字幕熟女人妻在线 | 日韩欧美字幕一区二区三区 | 视频一区二区欧美日韩在线 | 亚洲精品无码无卡在线观看 | 激情六月天婷婷 | 高清自拍亚洲精品二区 | 天天干天天插网 | 国产精品女同久久免费观看 | 蜜桃视频在线观看免费视频网站WWW | 波多野结衣国产一区 | 国产女人乱人伦精品一区二区 | 99精品国产精品一区二区 | 理论片午午伦夜理片I | 丁香久久婷婷综合激情欧美 | 成年永久一区三区免费视 | 无码av一区二区三区免费播放 | 99玖玖精品视频在线观看 | 中文无码欧美人妻日韩精品 | 国产福利一区二区在线观看 | 狠狠色丁香久久婷婷综合图片 | 天天久久不卡日韩一区 | 国产av无码专区亚洲av蜜芽 | 亚洲少妇三级片网站在线观看免费 | 一区日韩 | free性欧美hd另类精品 | 欧美日韩一区二区三区四区在线观看 | 精品成人乱色一区二区 | 亚洲丁香婷婷综合久久六月 | 四虎最新链接2024 | av少妇激情中文字幕 | 人妻丰满熟妇V无码区A片免费看 | 成年美女黄网站色大片免费软件看 | 国产在线视频资源 | 成人AV久久一区二区三区 | 自拍日韩字幕在线观看 | 香蕉懂你更多 999夜色精品网站 |